Selecting a sunscreen isn't as easy as it used
to be.
The next technology of sunscreens is just
reaching the market -- including L'Oreal's Anthelios SX and products containing
Helioplex -- developed to offer better protection from both UVA and UVB rays. Provided
all the new options, how do you know which is the best sunscreen for you?
"For many people, trying to compare and contrast
one sunscreen to another can be difficult," says David J. Leffell,
MD, professor of dermatology and surgery at
the Yale School of Medicine in New
Haven, Conn.
Although picking the best sunscreen is
important, perhaps even more necessary is using it correctly -- something a lot
of us don't do, says Henry W. Lim, MD, chair of the department of dermatology
at the Henry Ford
Medical Center
in Detroit. So
just before you plop down on the lawn chair -- or take the kids to the beach --
here are the sunscreen information.
Finding the Best Sunscreen
Sunscreens help shield you from the sun's
harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays in two ways. Some work by spreading the light,
reflecting it away from your body. Others absorb the UV rays before they attain
to your skin.
A few years ago, selecting a good sunscreen
meant you just searched for a higher sun protection factor (SPF) -- which rates
how well the sunscreen helps to protect from one type of cancer-causing UV ray,
ultraviolet B (UVB.) "SPF refers to blockage of UVB rays only," says
Leffell.
Research quickly proved that ultraviolet A rays
(UVA) also boost skin cancer risk. While UVA rays don't cause sunburn, they
enter deeply into skin and lead to wrinkles. The Environmental Protection
Agency reportsthat up to 90% of skin changes linked with aging are actually
caused by a lifetime's exposure to UVA rays.
The New Broad-Spectrum Sunscreens
So which is the best sunscreen for you?
Definitely, you'll want a sunscreen with broad-spectrum or multi-spectrum
protection for both UVB and UVA. Substances with broad-spectrum protection
contain benzophenones (oxybenzone), cinnamates (octylmethyl cinnamate and
cinoxate), sulisobenzone, salicylates, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, avobenzone
(Parsol 1789) and ecamsule (Mexoryl SX).
SPF 15 or greater
for UVB protection. The SPF factor rates how successful the sunscreen is in
protecting against sunburn caused by UVB rays.
If you'd usually burn in 10 minutes, SPF 15 multiplies that by a factor
of 15, which means you could go 150 minutes just before burning.
For the wide
majority of people, SPF 15 is good, Leffell tells WebMD. But people who have
very fair skin a family history of
skin cancer, or conditions like lupus that raise sensitivity to sunlight should
look at SPF 30 or higher.
Keep in mind that
the higher the SPF, the smaller the improved benefit: opposite to what you
might think, SPF 30 isn't twice as strong as SPF 15. While SPF 15 filters out
93% of UVB, SPF 30 filters out 97%, only a small improvement.
UVA protection.
There is no score to tell you how good a sunscreen is at blocking UVA rays,
says Leffell. So when it comes to UVA protection, you need to pay attention to
the substances.
Look for a
sunscreen that contains at smallest amount one of the following, Leffell says:
ecamsule, avobenzone, oxybenzone, titanium dioxide, sulisobenzone, or zinc
oxide. Any of those should do the trick.
Ecamsule. One newly
standard ingredient that blocks UVA is ecamsule. It's been on hand in Europe and Canada,
as Mexoryl SX, since 1993. In the U.S., ecamsule is now sold in
L'Oreal's Anthelios SX products. It isn't cheap. A 3.4 ounce tube -- barely
enough for 4 full-body applications -- can run $30.
Avobenzone.
Neutrogena's Helioplex isn't really a new ingredient; it's a
"stabilized" version of a common UVA-blocker called avobenzone (or
Parsol 1789). Unless it's stabilized, avobenzone breaks down when exposed to
sunlight -- exactly what you don't want in a sunscreen. You'll find stabilized
avobenzone in other sunscreens, too, like Active Photo Barrier Complex and
Dermaplex.
Some of the
excitement about these new products is advertising hype, says Leffell. For example,
any product-name sunscreen that has avobenzone is stabilized. If you want to
spend $30 on a bottle of sunscreen, go ahead. But you can get just as good
protection for a lot less.
Titanium dioxide or
zinc oxide. Less expensive options for UVA protection have been available for a
long time, the experts tell WebMD. Older sunscreens with titanium dioxide or
zinc oxide used to make people look pale and ghostly, says Fairbrother. But
newer manufacturing techniques have resolved the problem, she says.
Water and sweat
resistance. If you're going to be exercising or in the water, it's worth
getting a sunscreen resistant to water
and sweat.
But realize what
this really means. The FDA defines water resistant sunscreen as meaning that
the SPF level stays effectual after 40 minutes in the water. Very water
resistant means it holds after 80 minutes of swimming. These sunscreens are in
no way water-proof, so you'll need to reapply them frequently if you're taking
a dip.
A brand you like. Even if a brand is suggested
by all the experts, if you don't like it, you're not going to use it, says
Karrie Fairbrother, RN, president-elect of the Dermatology Nurses Association.
Personal preference is really necessary.
Kid- friendly
sunscreen. The sensitive skin of babies and children is easily irritated by
chemicals in adult sunscreens, so pass up sunscreens with para-aminobenzoic
acid (PABA) and benzephenones like dioxybenzone, oxybenzone, or sulisobenzone.
Children's sunscreens use ingredients less likely to irritate the skin, like
titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. Unlike chemical ingredients, these protect
babies' skin without being absorbed, Fairbrother says.
For kids 6 months
or older, search for a sunscreen developed for children with an SPF of 15 or
higher. The American
Academy of Pediatrics suggests
that babies under 6 months be kept out of the sun altogether.
Sunscreen for skin
problems or allergic reactions. People who have sensitive skin or skin
conditions like rosacea may also advantage from using sunscreens designed for
children. Go for titanium dioxide or zinc oxide rather of chemicals like
para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), dioxybenzone, oxybenzone, or sulisobenzone. If
you have skin irritation or allergies, keep away from sunscreens with alcohol, perfumes,
or preservatives.
Other sunscreens contain moisturizers or other substances
for people with dry or oily skin. As long as they meet up with UVA and UVB demands
above, you can give them a try and see what works best
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